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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has revealed ancient galaxies that are mature for their age. These galaxies were observed in the early universe, which is about 600 to 800 years after the Big Bang.
The characteristics of these cosmic objects are usually associated with much older galaxies. It’s akin to encountering a seven-year-old child with the maturity and wisdom of an adult in their 30s.
“We have confirmed that these appear to be packed with ancient stars—hundreds of millions of years old—in a universe that is only 600 to 800-million-years-old,” Bingjie Wang, the lead author of the study and a postdoctoral scholar at Penn State, said.
“Remarkably, these objects hold the record for the earliest signatures of old starlight.”
To have “old” stars in a young universe, they must have begun forming very early on in the universe’s history. It’s possible that they formed as early as 200 to 300 million years after the Big Bang.
This phenomenon challenges the standard models of galaxy evolution. Generally, current theories predict that galaxies gradually build up over time.
Additionally, researchers discovered evidence of supermassive black holes within the galaxies. They are estimated to be roughly 100 to 1,000 times larger than the one in our Milky Way.
It was understood that galaxies and their central black holes grow together over the course of billions of years, but the new finding has dashed all expectations. Now, astronomers have been left in a fog of bewilderment.
“It’s very confusing,” Joel Leja, a co-author of the study and an assistant professor of astronomy and astrophysics at Penn State, said.
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